Counter-cyclical fiscal expansion targeting GDP growth through infrastructure and employment programs. Baseline scenario for comparing austerity vs stimulus approaches.

Epoch: 114

Domain: fiscal

Fiscal cost estimate (LLM): $89.78B CAD

Structural estimate (RIPPLE): +$76.20B CAD net (v3-bfs-signed depth=2, decay=0.5/hop; agrees)

Top RIPPLE cost paths

• +$50.91B → consumer_spending (Consumer Spending Growth) via employment_rate
• +$18.75B → canada_health_transfer (Canada Health Transfer (CHT)) via gdp_growth
• +$8.69B → defence_spending (Defence Spending) via federal_revenues
• +$8.40B → quebec_program_spending (Quebec Total Program Spending) via quebec_gdp

Variable changes

• gdp_growth: {"new": 3.0, "old": 2.1}