Enhancing support for veterans through better employment and training programs can boost workforce productivity, honoring their service and improving economic outcomes.

Epoch: 120

Domain: Veterans

Fiscal cost estimate (LLM): $27.35B CAD

Structural estimate (RIPPLE): +$25.70B CAD net (v3-bfs-signed depth=2, decay=0.5/hop; agrees)

Top RIPPLE cost paths

• +$26.40B → consumer_spending (Consumer Spending Growth) via workforce_productivity
• −$1.63B → healthcare_spending (Healthcare Spending) via dependency_ratio
• +$0.38B → education_spending (Education Spending) via gdp_growth_rate
• +$0.32B → oas_gis_annual_expenditure (OAS/GIS Annual Expenditure) via dependency_ratio

Causal effects: 568 downstream (524 immediate)

Divergence after: 180.547

Variable changes

• workforce_productivity: {"new": 105.0, "old": 100.0}